All calculations

pH of a strong acid

Physical chemistry
AQA 7405
ORIGINAL

pH = -log10[H+] (strong monoprotic acid: [H+] = concentration of acid)

For a strong monoprotic acid [H+] equals the acid concentration — then it's just -log.

Verified against AQA 7405 (2026 spec)

Work it, then mark it

Do each calculation on paper first, then reveal the mark scheme and tick the marks you actually earned — the same way you should mark past papers.

Q1
3 marks

Calculate the pH of 0.050 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid. Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

Do the calculation on paper first — then mark it.

Where the marks get lost

  • Forgetting the minus sign in pH = -log10[H+].
  • Assuming [H+] equals the concentration for a WEAK acid — that only holds for strong acids.
  • Giving pH to the wrong precision — quote pH to 2 decimal places.

Exam tip: Only a STRONG monoprotic acid has [H+] equal to its concentration. A fully dissociating diprotic acid doubles [H+] (H2SO4 is usually treated this way as an approximation — its second ionisation isn't quite complete); a weak acid needs Ka.

Calculations are the most trainable marks in chemistry

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